Grammatically, the attached pronoun is either a subject attached pronoun or an object attached pronoun. Here, the focus on the subject attached pronouns, specifically those attached subjective pronouns with the regular perfective form of the verb الفِعْلُ المَاضِي.
| The personal pronoun | The attached pronoun | Perfective form examples |
| أنَا | ـتُ |
كَتَبْـتُ رِسَالَةً – I wrote a letter شَرِبْـتُ كُوبًا مِنَ الشَّاي – I drank a cup of tea رَقَدْتُ عَلَى الكَنَبَة – I slept on the sofa |
| نَحْنُ | ـنَا |
ذَهَبْـنَا إِلَى السُّوْق – we went to the market شَاهَدْنَا التِّلْفَاز – we watched the TV نَظَّفْـنَا البَيْت – we cleaned the house |
| أَنْتَ | ـتَ |
قَرَأْتَ رُوَايَة جَدِيْدَة – you read a new novel ضَحِكْـتَ مَعَهُم – you laughed with them فَتَحْـتَ البَاب – you opened the door |
| أَنْتِ | ـتِ |
خَرَجْـتِ مِنَ البَيْت – you went out طَبَخْـتِ بَامِيَة – you cooked okra غَسَلْـتِ مَلابِسَكِ – you washed your clothes |
| أَنْتُم | ـتُم |
لَعِبْـتُم فِي الحَدِيْقة – you played in the garden قَفَزْتُم إِلَى النَّهر – you jumped to the river سَبَحْـتُم فِي النَّهْر – you swam in the river |
| أَنْتُنَّ | ـتُنَّ |
نَزَلْـتُنَّ مِنَ السَّيَّارَة – you got off the car فَتَحْـتُنَّ بَابَ السَّيَّارَة – you opened the car door عَرَفْـتُنَّ الإِجَابَة – you knew the answer |
| هُوَ | .. |
دَرَسَ التَّارِيْخ – he studied history أَخَذَ الكِـتَاب – he took book حَمَلَ الشَّنْطَة – he carried the bag |
| هِيَ | ... تْ |
جَلَسَتْ عَلَى المَقْعَد – she sat on the bench ذَهَبَتْ إِلَى الجَامِعَة – she went to the university دَخَلَتْ إِلَى الغُرْفَة – she came in to the room |
| هُم | ـوَا |
رَفَضُـوا الفِكْرَة – they rejected the idea عَطَسُـوا – they sneezed رَجَعُـوا إِلَى البَيْت – they returned home |
| هُنَّ | ـنَ |
لَبِسْـنَ مَلابِس جِدِيْدة – they wore new clothes سَافَرْنَ إِلَى القَرِيَة – they traveled to the village طبَخْـنَ العَشَاء – they cooked dinner |
| هُوَ | سَافَرَ إِلَى أُسْتَرَالِيَا – he travelled to Australia كَتَبَ رُوَايَة جَدِيْدَة – he wrote a new novel رَكِبَ سَيَّارَتَه إِلَى العَمَل – he rode / took his car work شَرِبَ كَأسًا مِنَ الحَلِيْب – he drank a glass of milk | There is no clear attached pronoun for هُوَ. It is understood from the context as هُوَ. This is called covert pronoun ضَمِيْر مُسْتَتِر. |
| هِيَ | سَافَرَتْ إِلَى أُسْتَرَالِيا. كَتَبَتْ رُوَايَة جَدِيْدة. رَكِبَتْ سَيَّارَتَها إِلَى العَمَل. شَرِبَتْ كَأسًا مِنَ الحَلِيْب. | the تْ at the end of the verb is not for the subject. It marks the feminine. The subject pronoun is covert understood as هِيَ. |
| The forms of the verb with هُوَ and هِيَ are the same. That is, no attached pronoun surfaces at the verb end—it is covert. The only difference between the two forms is that the feminine marker تْ is added when the covert pronoun is هِيَ. | ||
